. North American trees : being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies . Trees. 82 The Firs and resin. The leaves are flat, shining, dark green and deeply furrowed on the upper side, white, with the midrib prominent beneath; their margins are strongly revolute; those on sterile branches are 2 to cm. long, blunt, rounded, or some- times notched at the apex, and more or less crowded, those on the fertile branches being about half as long and sharply thick-pointed. The staminate flowers are oblong-c


. North American trees : being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies . Trees. 82 The Firs and resin. The leaves are flat, shining, dark green and deeply furrowed on the upper side, white, with the midrib prominent beneath; their margins are strongly revolute; those on sterile branches are 2 to cm. long, blunt, rounded, or some- times notched at the apex, and more or less crowded, those on the fertile branches being about half as long and sharply thick-pointed. The staminate flowers are oblong-cylindric, 12 to 20 mm. long, slender-stalked, and bright red, the pistillate flowers being rather narrowly cylindric, 3 to 4 cm. long, and dark purplish. The oblong cones are somewhat narrowed toward each end, roimded and often indented at the apex, 9 to 15 cm. long, slightly hairy, and dark purple; the fan- shaped scales are 3 to cm wide, not quite as long; the bracts, which are scarcely half the length of the scales, are reddish, obovate, slightly toothed toward the slender-tipped apex. The yellowish brown seed, about 12 mm. long, is scarcely half the length of the shining yellowish, obliquely wedge-shaped wing. The wood is rather hard, of medium strength, close-grained, pale brown; its specific gravity is about It is sparingly used in carpentry in its native region imder the name of "; This magnificent fir has unfortunately not taken kindly to cultivation either in America or Europe, so that it will probably never exhibit that grandeur in our parks which it shows in its native Fig. 63. — California Red Fir, 7. CALIFORNIA RED FIR-Abies magnifica A. Murray This magnificent tree, also called the Great red fir, Magnificent fir. Red fir, and Red bark fir, occurs in the mountains of northern Cali- fornia, Oregon and Nevada, at elevations of about 1500 meters. It is one of the largest fir trees, attaining a maximum height of 90 me- ters, with


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