Anatomy, physiology and hygiene for high schools . he tubes and ramify into fine branches in the branches end in fine clusters of capillaries known asglomeruli. From each of these clusters a vein issues. Eachcluster of capillaries, or glomerulus(Latin glomus, a ball of cotton ),is suiTounded by the closed, dilatedend of a tuhule ( small tube ). Thewhole structure, the cluster of ves-sels projecting into the closed endof a tubule, is known as a Malpighian(after Malpighi, who first describedit) capsule. The wall of a tubule consists ofa single layer of epithelial cells,mostly cubica
Anatomy, physiology and hygiene for high schools . he tubes and ramify into fine branches in the branches end in fine clusters of capillaries known asglomeruli. From each of these clusters a vein issues. Eachcluster of capillaries, or glomerulus(Latin glomus, a ball of cotton ),is suiTounded by the closed, dilatedend of a tuhule ( small tube ). Thewhole structure, the cluster of ves-sels projecting into the closed endof a tubule, is known as a Malpighian(after Malpighi, who first describedit) capsule. The wall of a tubule consists ofa single layer of epithelial cells,mostly cubical in shape. The tu-bule begins at its closed, dilatedend about a glomerulus. Fromhere it proceeds by a tortuous courseto the medulla, joining with othertubules and forming straight tubeswhich run parallel in the medullaand end at the pelvis. The waterand some of the waste substances of the blood running inthe glomerulus capillaries are separated from the interior ofthe tubule by the walls of the capillaries and the wall of HEWES, P. & H.—13. Diagram of kidney circu-lation, showing a glo-merulus and tubule, a, artery briuging blood topart; b, capillary briuging bloodto glomerulus; h, vessel continu-ing with blood to tubule; c, vein;t, tubule; G, Malpighian capsuleand glomemlus. 200 PHYSIOLOGY AND HYGIENE epithelial cells which lines the closed end of the tubule sur-rounding the glomerulus. Through these thin layers of cells the waste substances pass intothe tubules. Below the capsules the bloodcapillaries run in a networkabout the tubules, and fromthese lower capillaries the ureais separated into the tubules,just as is the water these waste prod-ucts are borne along the tu-bules to the pelvis of thekidney. The separation of these prod-ucts is due to the specific actionof the living cells which line thetubule. These waste substancesare taken from the blood,while other useful substances,as albumin, are left behind. Urine. The amber-coloredliquid which is thus form
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