Louis Pasteur in his laboratory. Louis Pasteur (1822 -1895) was a French chemist and bacteriologist who founded the science of microbiology. Pasteur discovered that disease could be caused by bacteria transmitted from person to person (the germ theory of disease). He also developed vaccines for rabies and anthrax. Pasteur also found that lightly heating food and beverages could preserve them from souring. This pasteurization process is now widely used in the food industry.

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Louis Pasteur, French Microbiologist

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