. Hungary and its people: Magyarorzág és népei. surrendered, and thisconcluded the great struggle for Hungarianindependence. But I must not dwell longeranywhere on the way to the Bánát, which weare about to visit. CHAPTER XÍII. THE BÁNAT. The Bánát was the first province of Hungarywhich the Turks occupied, and the last theyleft. During their occupation the cultivationof the soil was neglected, but after theTurkish evacuation, Josef II. did every-thing in his power towards the cultivation ofthe land, raising its industry, and encourag-ing emigration there, with the result that inaddition to the
. Hungary and its people: Magyarorzág és népei. surrendered, and thisconcluded the great struggle for Hungarianindependence. But I must not dwell longeranywhere on the way to the Bánát, which weare about to visit. CHAPTER XÍII. THE BÁNAT. The Bánát was the first province of Hungarywhich the Turks occupied, and the last theyleft. During their occupation the cultivationof the soil was neglected, but after theTurkish evacuation, Josef II. did every-thing in his power towards the cultivation ofthe land, raising its industry, and encourag-ing emigration there, with the result that inaddition to the Hungarians, Serbs, Roumanians,and Bulgarians that were already in the coun-try, a large number of Germans, Greeks, Turks,Armenians, Servians, Italians, and Frenchmensettled there, and the soil now is the richest inHungary, producing the best corn, wheat,barley, oats, rice, maize, flax, hemp, rape seed,tobacco, grapes, etc. The Bánát is borderedby Transylvania, Servia, the river Tisza, and theHungarian plains. The climate in the summer. A PEASANT GIRL FROM THE BANAT. Page 12. The Bánát. 313 is like the Italian, and it is also milder inwinter than in other parts of Hungary. Thescenery is varied, thus, in the Torontál dis-trict there are extensive plains, whilst in theKrasso district we have mountain scenery andsnow-crowned Alps, containing rich mineralwealth, including copper, tin, lead, zinc, ironand coal. In point of population, as has been seen,it is the greatest admixture in Hungary. Butthe Serb and Roumanian elements are the mostpredominating. All these people have pre-served their nationality, as well as their lan-guage and their costumes, which are themost picturesque and varied ones in the Hun-garian kingdom. They are very industrious,both in the cultivation of their soil and in thepursuit of commerce, an industry which theyhave followed more vigorously than people inother parts of Hungary, more especially theServian and Armenian portion of the population,t
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