. A manual of dangerous insects likely to be introduced in the United States through importations. is soft and perishable, but valuable products,such as balsam, are obtained from the exudations. For convenience the insectpests are arranged under Conifers. FLAX. (lAnum usitatissimum. Family Linacese.) A plant of Europe and America cultivated for its oil-bearing seed and fibrousstem. 104 A MANUAL OF DANGEROUS INSECTS. Phalonia epilinana Zell. (Conchylis.) (Flax Capsule Worm. Family Tortricidse; Lepidoptera.) Hosts: Flax (Xjinum), Solidago, etc. Injury: Eats out the greea capsules of flax. Descri
. A manual of dangerous insects likely to be introduced in the United States through importations. is soft and perishable, but valuable products,such as balsam, are obtained from the exudations. For convenience the insectpests are arranged under Conifers. FLAX. (lAnum usitatissimum. Family Linacese.) A plant of Europe and America cultivated for its oil-bearing seed and fibrousstem. 104 A MANUAL OF DANGEROUS INSECTS. Phalonia epilinana Zell. (Conchylis.) (Flax Capsule Worm. Family Tortricidse; Lepidoptera.) Hosts: Flax (Xjinum), Solidago, etc. Injury: Eats out the greea capsules of flax. Description and biology: Moth with forewings clay yellow with darker band andmargin. Larva whitish yellow, sparsely pubescent, head and thoracic shield black-ish; mm. long. Pupates in the larval Isurrow. Distribution: South , P. Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheite:i, 3d ed., 1913, vol. 3, p. 292. FORESTS. BETTER KNOWN GENERAL DEFOLIATORS. Under this heading are grouped a number of important insects known as forestdefoliators. Several of these have been imported into the United Fig. 54.—Cockchafer ( Melolontha vulgaris); Adult, pupa, larva and its attack on root crop. (Lorenz.) Melolontha vulgaris Linn.(Cockchafer. Family Scarabgeidse; Coleoptera.) Hosts: Adults feed on leaves of various trees; gruVjs on roots. Injury: Often serious. Description and biology: Adult, length often 25 mm.: head and thorax black;elytra brown, each with four raised, longitudinal lines; hairy; sides of body withalternate black and white patches; occurs in May and June. Pupa pale stage is passed deep in ground. Larva, length 37 mm., white, fleshy; caudalend swollen; head and legs brown. Tliis stage lasts three years. Eggs, large, shapeof hemp seed, creamy white (see text fig. 54). Distribution: , F. V. Insect Pests of Fruit, 1909, p. 43l. U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Manual of Dangerous Insects. Plate XX.
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