. Handbook of railroad construction; for the use of American engineers. Containing the necessary rules, tables, and formulæ for the location, construction, equipment, and management of railroads, as built in the United States .. . 106 HANDBOOK OF RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION. TRANSPORT OF MATERIAL. 116. In the formation of embankments it is not alwaysadvisable to make the whole bank from an adjoining cut orcuts. The length of haul may be too long. In this caseit is customary to waste a part of the cut and to borrowearth from some nearer point for the bank. That the trans-port shall be effected in the
. Handbook of railroad construction; for the use of American engineers. Containing the necessary rules, tables, and formulæ for the location, construction, equipment, and management of railroads, as built in the United States .. . 106 HANDBOOK OF RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION. TRANSPORT OF MATERIAL. 116. In the formation of embankments it is not alwaysadvisable to make the whole bank from an adjoining cut orcuts. The length of haul may be too long. In this caseit is customary to waste a part of the cut and to borrowearth from some nearer point for the bank. That the trans-port shall be effected in the most economical manner, theproduct of the cube of earth, by the mean distance, (thedistance between the centres of gravity, of excavation andembankment) must be a minimum. To determine thetheoretical minimum expense, the problem becomes verycomplicated on account of the great number of variableelements entering therein; and the result obtained is appli-cable only to a particular case. Local circumstances morethan any other thing, determine the position of a borrowpit, and the path over which the material is to be trans-ported. OF THE AVERAGE HAUL. 117. To find the cost of the movement of earth on anysection, we must have,
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