. A manual of therapeutic exercise and massage, designed for the use of physicians, students and masseurs. tient lying on hisback and the knee supported by a pillow at an angle of about30 degrees. In order to relax the posterior muscles of theleg, the operator holds the foot with one hand while theother hand steadies the leg, because in doing lateral motionsof the foot most patients will show a tendency to rotate thewhole leg in the hip-joint. In many cases, especially par-alyzed children, the prone position with the knee flexed to a ACTIVE MOVEMENTS 33 right angle affords greater advantages,
. A manual of therapeutic exercise and massage, designed for the use of physicians, students and masseurs. tient lying on hisback and the knee supported by a pillow at an angle of about30 degrees. In order to relax the posterior muscles of theleg, the operator holds the foot with one hand while theother hand steadies the leg, because in doing lateral motionsof the foot most patients will show a tendency to rotate thewhole leg in the hip-joint. In many cases, especially par-alyzed children, the prone position with the knee flexed to a ACTIVE MOVEMENTS 33 right angle affords greater advantages, in that the musclesof the leg are well relaxed and the foot can be easily con-ducted, applying assistance or resistance according to theindividual indication (Fig. 5). Another position of ad-vantage for exercising the foot is with the patient sittingon a high table and his heel supported by the operatorsknee, who is to sit in front of him on a chair low enough tohave the patients thigh and knee well supported and themuscles sufficiently relaxed. The toes are exercised in the same position as the Fig. 5.—Active and passive movements of the foot shown from lying prone. Cervical Spine.—Exercises of the cervical spine are done in asitting or lying j)osition. The patient is sitting on a chairwith a back high enough to have the scapulae rest against operator stands behind the patient; holding his head onboth sides and lifting it slightly up he gives resistance orassistance as needed. In this position which is sufficient formany cases a complete relaxation cannot be obtained, becausethe greatest part of the cervical muscles as well as of themuscles of the trunk in general is held in a static contractionfor the purpose of weight-bearing. Therefore, whenevercomplete relaxation is required the position of lying on thetable deserves preference. For anteroposterior and lateralmovements the operator supports the head with one hand,assisting in forward, resisting in backwar
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