. Electric railway journal . TYPICAL VIEWS OF RAILROAD WRECKS AND EFFECT OFPROTECTIVE CABLES IN RESISTING PENETRATION At left, the joints connecting the side walls, hood and roof areinadequate to resist the bursting stress exerted on the invadedstructure by the invading body. At right, the underframe of the invading car over-rides theunderframe of the invaded car, the point of contact being a footor more above the floor. Tlie sketch in the center shows the effect of the protectivet ables in resisting penetration of one car by the tory, passageway and saloon and being securely rivetedto


. Electric railway journal . TYPICAL VIEWS OF RAILROAD WRECKS AND EFFECT OFPROTECTIVE CABLES IN RESISTING PENETRATION At left, the joints connecting the side walls, hood and roof areinadequate to resist the bursting stress exerted on the invadedstructure by the invading body. At right, the underframe of the invading car over-rides theunderframe of the invaded car, the point of contact being a footor more above the floor. Tlie sketch in the center shows the effect of the protectivet ables in resisting penetration of one car by the tory, passageway and saloon and being securely rivetedto the plate of the high girder side frame. 2. Special deep piers forming the posts for the doorin the end of the car body. These piers are approxi-mately 21 in. deep and, as in some classes of accidentthey may be subjected to tension, the web plates ofthese piers pass through the upper tie plates and alsothrough to the underframe and are together with theirflanges securely riveted to each of these members. The corner posts and the adjacent side posts of thecar body are also specially designed to withstand theshock of cornering collision. Careful analysis of some typical photographic recordsof railway wrecks lead to the following conclusions: 1. The underframe of the modern steel passenger caris adequate to withstand the shock of the most violentcollision. 2. The underframe of the invading car over-rides theunderframe of the invaded car and wedges its sidewalls apart, the point of impact being a foot or moreabove the floor accordin


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