Henry Kater (1777-1835) making observations of a pendulum, with two assistants. Engraving by J. Basire, 1822, after J. Goldingham, 1821. Henry Kater's most substantial work was the invention of Kater's pendulum, enabling the strength of gravity to be determined, first at London and subsequently at various stations throughout the country. He is also the inventor of the floating collimator and is considered the inventor of the prismatic compass, although it was patented by someone else.

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Henry Kater Working on his Pendulum, c. 1821

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