Gathorne Gathorne Hardy 1st Earl Cranbrook 1814 1906 British Conservative politician Home Secretary Secretary State for War
These illustrations are taken from book The Right Hon. Benjamin Disraeli, Earl of Beaconsfield, , And His Times. 1883. Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook GCSI PC (1 October 1814 – 30 October 1906), known as Gathorne Hardy until 1878, was a prominent British Conservative politician. He held office in every Conservative government between 1858 and 1892 and notably served as Home Secretary from 1867 to 1868 and as Secretary of State for War from 1874 to 1878. Two years later, in April 1878, he succeeded Lord Salisbury as Secretary of State for India, and the following month he was raised to the peerage as Viscount Cranbrook, of Hemsted in the County of Kent. At the same time he assumed his mother’s maiden surname of Gathorne in addition to that of Hardy at the request of his family. At the India Office he was forced to deal with the Second Afghan War in 1878, aimed at restoring British influence in Afghanistan. A peace deal was struck in May 1879, but war again erupted after the British resident, Sir Louis Cavagnari, was murdered by mutinous Afghan troops. British troops under Frederick Roberts managed once again to restore British control. However, the situation was still volatile when Cranbrook, along with the rest of the government, resigned in April 1880. In June 1885 the Conservatives, now under the leadership of Lord Salisbury, returned to power, and Cranbrook was made Lord President of the Council. For two weeks in early 1886 he again served as Secretary of State for War. The government fell in January 1886 but soon returned to office in July of the same year. Cranbrook was once again appointed Lord President of the Council, in which office he was mainly concerned with education. He also served briefly as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster in August 1886. He declined the post of Foreign Secretary in 1886 owing to his inability to speak foreign languages, and also refused the viceroyalty of Ireland.
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