Pyelography (pyelo-ureterography) a study of the normal and pathologic anatomy of the renal pelvis and ureter . ter alone, and the existenceand nature of pathologic conditions which may comphcatethe congenital anomaly. Anomahes in the kidney and ureter which may be demon-strated by means of pyelo-ureterography are as follows: 1. Duplication of the renal pelvis. 2. Duplication of the ureter. 3. Fused or horseshoe kidney. 4. Congenital increase or decrease in the size of the pelvis. 5. Dystopic kidney. DUPLICATION OF THE RENAL PELVISDuplication of the renal pelvis may be partial or com-plete, an
Pyelography (pyelo-ureterography) a study of the normal and pathologic anatomy of the renal pelvis and ureter . ter alone, and the existenceand nature of pathologic conditions which may comphcatethe congenital anomaly. Anomahes in the kidney and ureter which may be demon-strated by means of pyelo-ureterography are as follows: 1. Duplication of the renal pelvis. 2. Duplication of the ureter. 3. Fused or horseshoe kidney. 4. Congenital increase or decrease in the size of the pelvis. 5. Dystopic kidney. DUPLICATION OF THE RENAL PELVISDuplication of the renal pelvis may be partial or com-plete, and may vary in degree from an abnormal elongationof the upper calyx to two distinct and widely separated 19 289 290 PYELOGRAPHY pelves. The tendency toward duplication of the pelvisis frequently seen in the outline of an otherwise normalpelvis. The first evidence is apparent in the unusualelongation of the upper major calyx. The calyx may appearunusually large, and the secondary major calyces assumethe size usually seen with primary calyces. The isthmusconnecting the calyx with the true pelvis and the upper. Fig. 274.—Duplication of the pelvis. calyx may be narrow and rudimentary. Such duplica-tion is necessarily always incomplete, since it lacks theseparate ureter. In Fig. 20 the outline of the renal pelvisis evidently normal. Our attention, however, is called tothe upper major calyx, which is larger than the othercalyces and has a dichotomous branching. It is connectedwith the lower true pelvis by an elongated narrow isthmuswhich practically separates it. An attempt at pelvic re- CONGENITAL ANOMALY 291 duplication is distinctly present. In Fig. 274 a short isth-mus extends from the upper end of the elongated pelvisand separates it from what may be regarded either as arudimentary second pelvis or a major calyx with secondarycalyces. In Fig. 275 the separation of the upper calyx isseen more distinctly and is apparently a distinct pelvisdivided into three secondary major calyce
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectkidneys, bookyear1915
