. The Canadian field-naturalist. The Canadian Field-Naturalist [ Figure 2 and (3) that Dr. Tempest Anderson observed pillow structure forming where a lava stream from Montavanu volcano, in the island of Savaii in the Samoan group, flowed into the sea. He states that the corded structure is " formed in the usual manner above the water. Where, however, it falls direct into the sea, the surface is chilled before there is time for it to be wrinkled up into the corded structure, and it becomes con- solidated into the characteiistic form of one vaiiety of ;* It may be
. The Canadian field-naturalist. The Canadian Field-Naturalist [ Figure 2 and (3) that Dr. Tempest Anderson observed pillow structure forming where a lava stream from Montavanu volcano, in the island of Savaii in the Samoan group, flowed into the sea. He states that the corded structure is " formed in the usual manner above the water. Where, however, it falls direct into the sea, the surface is chilled before there is time for it to be wrinkled up into the corded structure, and it becomes con- solidated into the characteiistic form of one vaiiety of ;* It may be concluded, therefore, that although * The Geographical Journal, 39:129, 1912. it is not established that extrusion into water is necessary for the formation of pillow structure, it has almost certainly been an important factor in its development in most of its occurrences. The pillow structure shown in Figure 2 occurs in a mass of greenstone (variety, andesite) out- cropping about three-quarters of a mile northwest of the Waite-Ackermann-Montgomery mine, in Duprat township, Abititi county, Quebec. The structure may also be observed in many other localities, however, in the greenstones of north- western Quebec and in numerous similar greenstone belts in other parts of the Canadian Shield. A STUDY OF KUMLIEN'S GULL (Larus kumlieni Erewster)* By P. A. TAVERNER EVER SINCE it was first noted, Kumlien's Gull has been somewhat of a puzzle to ornithologists. At first, due to its pale grey wing tips and our incomplete data on distribution, occasional specimens were identi- fied as Larus glaucescens. In 1883 Brewster recog- nized and described it as a distinct species, Larus kumlieni. In 1906 Dwight studied the species and ?Published with the permissi )n of the Di ector, Museum of Canada, D^partmen: of , Ottawa. (Auk, 23:26-43, 1906) described and figured in colours what we now acknowledge to be the second year plumage. Later, (The Gulls of the World, 1925) in convincing
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