. Wild oxen, sheep & goats of all lands, living and extinct . to the rocks above. Then, being satisfied on the one side, she Nilgiri Tahr 307 observes the same process on the other, eventually calmly lying down, con-tented with the precautions she has taken that all is safe. Her post assentinel is generally a prominent one, on the edge and corner perhapsof some ledge, well sheltered from the wind and warmed by the sun,along which the rest ot the herd dispose themselves as inclined, fullytrustino; in the watchtul guardian whose manoeuvres I have been describino;.Should the sentinel be joined by


. Wild oxen, sheep & goats of all lands, living and extinct . to the rocks above. Then, being satisfied on the one side, she Nilgiri Tahr 307 observes the same process on the other, eventually calmly lying down, con-tented with the precautions she has taken that all is safe. Her post assentinel is generally a prominent one, on the edge and corner perhapsof some ledge, well sheltered from the wind and warmed by the sun,along which the rest ot the herd dispose themselves as inclined, fullytrustino; in the watchtul guardian whose manoeuvres I have been describino;.Should the sentinel be joined by another, or her kid come and lie down byher, they invariably place themselves back to back, or in such a mannerthat they can keep a lookout on either side. A solitary male goes throughall this by himself, and wonderfully careful he is, but when with the herdhe reposes in security, leaving it to the females to take precautions for theirmutual safety. From the conspicuous grizzled mark on the loins, the old males arecommonly termed by sportsmen Fig. 61.—Front view of Head of male Nilgiri Tahr. From a specimen in thepossession of Mr. St. George Littledale. APPENDIX BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WILD OXEN, SHEEP, AND GOATS The following list, which makes no pretence to be complete, includes only worksand memoirs devoted exclusively, or almost so, to the groups described in thepresent volume. I. Oxen Allen, J. A. The American Bisons, Living and Extinct. Metn. Mus. Harvard, vol. iv. No. lo (1876).AuLD, R. C. The Wild Cattle of Great Britain. Anier. Naturalist, vol. xxii. pp. 498-509 (1888). Blanford, W. T. On the Gaur [Bos gaurns) and its Allies. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, pp. 592-599, plate , E. a Note on African Buffaloes. Op. cit. 1866, pp. , E. L. LExterniination du Bison Americain. Le Naturaliste, 1890, pp. 269-271, 285 and , Sir V. On African BuffiUoes. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, pp. 474-484, plate xliii. Supplemental Notes on African Buffaloes. O


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