India: 'Rosette Bearing the Names and Titles of Shah Jahan'. Folio from the Shah Jahan Album, c. 1645. Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram Shah Jahan I (1592-1666), or Shah Jahan, from the Persian meaning ‘king of the world’, was the fifth Mughal ruler in India and a favourite of his legendary grandfather Akbar the Great. He is best known for commissioning the ‘Phadshahnamah’ as a chronicle of his reign, and for the building of the Taj Mahal in Agra as a tomb for his wife, Mumtaz Mahal. Under Shah Jahan, the Mughal Empire attained its highest union of strength and magnificence.

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