. Elementary physical geography;. egion recorded by the Weather Bureau has exceeded 122°, thoughthere are several localities, such as Salton Lake and Death Valley,where the temperature ranges higher than at any of the WeatherBureau stations. The author has repeatedly noted temperatures inthe Colorado Desert varying from 130° to 145° registered by a thermom-eter exposed to the direct rays of the sun. The experience of GeneralGreely, U. S. A., Chief Signal Officer, shows the range of human endur-ance. At Fort Conger, Lady Franklin Bay, he and his party experiencedno intolerable discomforts with
. Elementary physical geography;. egion recorded by the Weather Bureau has exceeded 122°, thoughthere are several localities, such as Salton Lake and Death Valley,where the temperature ranges higher than at any of the WeatherBureau stations. The author has repeatedly noted temperatures inthe Colorado Desert varying from 130° to 145° registered by a thermom-eter exposed to the direct rays of the sun. The experience of GeneralGreely, U. S. A., Chief Signal Officer, shows the range of human endur-ance. At Fort Conger, Lady Franklin Bay, he and his party experiencedno intolerable discomforts with the temperature as low as — 06°, the sameofficer served in Arizona where the shade temperature was 119° and that•of an unprotected thermometer 144°. Changes of Season.—Because the earths axis is in-clined to the plane of its orbit, and remains parallel to itselfwhile the earth revolves around the sun, it follows that therays of the sun do not fall on a given place always at ansrle. CLIMATE AND ITS FACTORS 295. -s-tws- -R-A^-S- POSITION OF HEAT-RAYS IN JUNE As the earth revolves around the sun, the inclinationof the axis, together with its self-parallelism, bring eachtemperate zone, inturn, to a positionwhere the suns raysare vertical. The alternation ofthe four seasons isrealized mainly inthe temperate the greater partof the western coastof North Americathe seasons are dis-tinguished more by seasonal rains than by variations intemperature. Practically there are two seasons—a rainyand a dry. Within the greater part of the Torrid Zonethese are also the chief distinctions of season. In the frigid zones thedistinctions of sum-mer and winter arealso those of dayand night, each ofwhich is six monthslong. In general, theweather conditionsof the Torrid Zoneoriginate in the east;those of the Tem-perate Zones in the west. On account of its narrow ex-tent, the climate of the southern part of South America -s-tws —R-A-^-S-
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