. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. Fig. 18.—Blake's mirriir. jLUJJJJI/l/V SUUUW^' A. M. Mayer" in the same year. The subject was taken up l>y Hermann'' about 1S90, and he obtained vahiable tracings by using the wax-cylinder phonograph. He succeeded in obtain- ing photographs of the curves on the wax cylin- der, a beam of light reflected froth a small mirror attached to the vibrating disk of the phonograph l)eing allowed to fall on a sensitive plate while the phonogra
. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. Fig. 18.—Blake's mirriir. jLUJJJJI/l/V SUUUW^' A. M. Mayer" in the same year. The subject was taken up l>y Hermann'' about 1S90, and he obtained vahiable tracings by using the wax-cylinder phonograph. He succeeded in obtain- ing photographs of the curves on the wax cylin- der, a beam of light reflected froth a small mirror attached to the vibrating disk of the phonograph l)eing allowed to fall on a sensitive plate while the phonograph was slowly traveling. In 1891 Boeke'' measured with great accuracy the dimensions of the marks on the wax cylinder, and from these constructed the correspond- ing curves. This method has also been adopted by Marichelle.'' McKen- drick' in 1895 photo- graphed the marks on the wax cylinder of the phonograph, and in 1896 he devised a recorder for enlaro'ino* the curves on Fig. 19.—Photographic tracings obtained by Blake's method. the well-known principle of the syphon recorder. In 1899 Scripture,-^ of Yale, investigated vowel sounds with the aid of the gramophone. He transcri])ed, by an ingenious mechan- ical device, the marks on the gramo- phone disk into the forms of curves and made a minute analysis. Lastly, Marage/'' in a series of masterly papers, reinvestigated the whole sub- ject of vowel tones with the aid of a chrono-photographic method and a special form of s^n'en invented by himself. The various experimental methods we have descri])ed have been chietiy directed to an examination of the nature of vowel sounds. What BROWN SI. Fig. 20.—Palmoplic capsule of Rigollot and Chavanon (rraA/iiKos, pertaining to vibra- tions). E F, collodion membrane; M, mir- ror carried by a wire n e, stretched between A and b, and regulated by the screw H; p, small cube of India rubber resting on center of membrane; t, tube. «Mayer: Journal de Physique, 1878. ^A full bibliogr
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