Contributions in geographical exploration . Photograph by L. G. Folsom THE TRUNK OF A TREE ENGULFED BY THE MUDFLOW. Although a foot in diameter, it was entirely reduced to charcoal bv the heat of tne mud How. I his section was found at the extreme limit ofthe zone ot mcineration, seventeen miles from the crater of Katmai. Jan., 1919] Effects of the Eruption on Vegetation 207 no evidence remains to indicate the cause of the death of thisforest. Its general aspect is much hke that of the forests whosedestruction has been attributed to blasts from the volcano,but differs in that here projecting s
Contributions in geographical exploration . Photograph by L. G. Folsom THE TRUNK OF A TREE ENGULFED BY THE MUDFLOW. Although a foot in diameter, it was entirely reduced to charcoal bv the heat of tne mud How. I his section was found at the extreme limit ofthe zone ot mcineration, seventeen miles from the crater of Katmai. Jan., 1919] Effects of the Eruption on Vegetation 207 no evidence remains to indicate the cause of the death of thisforest. Its general aspect is much hke that of the forests whosedestruction has been attributed to blasts from the volcano,but differs in that here projecting shoulders of the mountains,etc., seem to have given little if any protection to the treesbehind them. Halfway up the Valley, however, we found a mountain-side which had every appearance of having been swept by afire that had blackened the surface of all the remains of thevegetation, which had consisted of herbs and dwarf Pholcgraph by R. F. Griggs MAT OF VEGETATKJX REDUCED TO CHARCOAL BEXEATH THE MUD FLOW. The original surface of tlie soil has been uncovered by erosion. This was the last sign of plant life found in the Valley, forfurther up the rocky hills were all absolutely devoid of plantremaius. Unless they were originally totally barren, whichseems impossible, they must liave been so thoroughly burnedover that all plant remains were consumed. While it may besomewhat uncertain how large an area was so completelysterilized as this, there can be little doubt but that such wasthe fate of all the district whose rocks were baked red by theheat. One cannot consider these evidences of consuming heat with-out speculating as to the exact conditions under which it worked; 208 The Ohio Journal of Science [Vol. XIX, No. 3, what the temperatures may have been; what chemicals mayhave been associated with its action; whether deadly fumeswere given off along with the high temperatures; why charringwas for the mos
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