Carbon-14. Diagram showing the nuclear composition and electron configuration of an atom of carbon-14, an unstable isotope of the element carbon (C).
Carbon-14. Diagram showing the nuclear composition and electron configuration of an atom of carbon-14, an unstable isotope of the element carbon (C). The nucleus consists of 6 protons (red) and 8 neutrons (blue). Six electrons (green) bind to the nucleus, successively occupying available electron shells (rings). Carbon (C) forms the basis of life on Earth. It has 15 known isotopes, from carbon-8 to carbon-22, two of which (carbon-12 and carbon-13) are stable. The longest-lived radioisotope is carbon-14, with a half-life of 5,700 years. This is used in archaeology to date biological material.
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Photo credit: © MIKKEL JUUL JENSEN / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Alamy / Afripics
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