. The physiology of digestion : considered with relation to the principles of dietetics . om its natu-ral position to show the gall-bladder G, and the pancre-as P P, round the right end of which the duodenum iscurved. S indicates the spleen, with a vacant spaceover it, in which the stomach lies. The kidneys, K K,lie one on each side of the spine ; and the two pipesU U are the ureters which convey their secreted fluidto the bladder B. The lettess A A indicate the greatartery (the aorta), through which the nutritive blooddescends to supply the bowels and lower parts of thebody; and V V mark the
. The physiology of digestion : considered with relation to the principles of dietetics . om its natu-ral position to show the gall-bladder G, and the pancre-as P P, round the right end of which the duodenum iscurved. S indicates the spleen, with a vacant spaceover it, in which the stomach lies. The kidneys, K K,lie one on each side of the spine ; and the two pipesU U are the ureters which convey their secreted fluidto the bladder B. The lettess A A indicate the greatartery (the aorta), through which the nutritive blooddescends to supply the bowels and lower parts of thebody; and V V mark the corresponding vein (the ca-va), by which the dark blood returns from the extremi-ties towards the heart. R is the beginning of the rec-tum or straight gut, seen at Y Y, in the cut, on page146. The duodenum, being thus in the immediate vicinityof the spine, is fixed firmly down in its position by theconnecting membrane, and is not left to float loosely in14* 162 INTESTINE DUODENUM. the cavity of the abdomen or belly. Had it not beentied down in this way, it would not only have acted by. its weight as a continual drag upon the stomach anddisturbed its functions, but likewise have been con- INTESTINE DUODENUM. 163 stantly altering its own relation to the pancreatic andhepatic (or liver) ducts, and thereby affecting the flowof their respective fluids into its cavity, by which ehyl-ification would have been often interrupted. The duodenum is much smaller in diameter thanthe stomach, but larger tban the jejunum or ileum; andits muscular coat is also thicker. From its size andthe importance of the changes effected in it, it hasbeen considered by some as a secondary stomach orventrlculus succenturiatus. Its mucous coat, which hasa soft velvety feel, presents a greater multitude of thefolds or plaits already described, and which have fortheir object to extend its surface and delay the passageof the chyme. Some notion of their appearance may
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