. Every boy's book of railways and steamships . ed. Thewater that pours into the vessel from a leak thusneed only flood a small portion of the ship, andshe can often be kept afloat with comparative easeuntil the leak can be repaired and the dangeraverted. Extending the whole length of thevessel is a double bottom, divided, like the rest ofthe hull, into watertight compartments to afford aconstant measure of additional buoyancy. The doors in the bulkheads must not only beperfectly watertight, but there must be a quickand eflective arrangement for closing them, andespecially those compartments w
. Every boy's book of railways and steamships . ed. Thewater that pours into the vessel from a leak thusneed only flood a small portion of the ship, andshe can often be kept afloat with comparative easeuntil the leak can be repaired and the dangeraverted. Extending the whole length of thevessel is a double bottom, divided, like the rest ofthe hull, into watertight compartments to afford aconstant measure of additional buoyancy. The doors in the bulkheads must not only beperfectly watertight, but there must be a quickand eflective arrangement for closing them, andespecially those compartments which are occupiedby the engine and boiler plants. There are severalkinds of closing gear, the best of which enables thedoors to be closed simultaneously and instantly bya device worked from the navigating bridge(Plate XXXVI). There is a system of alarm bellswhich ring out a warning to all persons in anycompartment that is to be closed, so that they maymake their exit in good time. In the chart-houseon the bridge is a bulkhead indicator with an. SAFETY AFLOAT 245 electric light for each bulkhead door; and as soonas a door is closed the light flashes up, so that ata glance the captain can see which doors are openand which are closed. The engine and boiler plant of a steamshipmust be of the most durable and resistive materials,so as to obtain the most perfect order of themachinery. Reserve supplies and implements areusually provided, so that any damaged part maybe replaced without any interruption of the case of large boiler plants they are generallyarranged in independent sets so that, if a wholeengine or group of boilers be disabled, the vesselmay still continue the voyage by her own XXXVII depicts the starting platform ofthe Mauretania, showing the dials that corre-spond with those under the hand of the navigatoron the bridge far above. The propelling apparatus, the screws and shaft-ing, must exhibit the maximum of strength anddurability. The crank shafts
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookidever, booksubjectrailroads
