. Text book of vertebrate zoology. Vertebrates; Anatomy, Comparative. 386 CLASSIFICATION OF VERTEBRATES. ORDER III. CHIROPTERA. Flying mammals, in which the anterior limbs are modified into supports for the membranous wings ; dentition complete, the canines strong, the molars buno-lophodont; the total teeth never exceeding t %, c \, p %, m f; mammae pectoral; testes abdominal or inguinal; placenta discoidal, deciduate. The bats must be regarded as highly specialized offshoots from the insectivores, with which they closely agree in all essential points except the development of wings. These las
. Text book of vertebrate zoology. Vertebrates; Anatomy, Comparative. 386 CLASSIFICATION OF VERTEBRATES. ORDER III. CHIROPTERA. Flying mammals, in which the anterior limbs are modified into supports for the membranous wings ; dentition complete, the canines strong, the molars buno-lophodont; the total teeth never exceeding t %, c \, p %, m f; mammae pectoral; testes abdominal or inguinal; placenta discoidal, deciduate. The bats must be regarded as highly specialized offshoots from the insectivores, with which they closely agree in all essential points except the development of wings. These last. Fig. 361. Skeleton of bat, after Brehm. are membranous folds, supported upon a bony framework com- posed of the modified fore limbs and extending back to the hind legs, while an interfemoral membrane may or may not include the tail when this is developed. Muscles to move the wing are attached to the sternum, which develops a keel similar to that of the birds. The modifications in the fore limbs con- sist in an enormous lengthening of the digits with the exception of the pollex, which remains more normal, and may terminate with a claw. The bones are very light, being slender, with large marrow cavities; the skull varies considerably, and usually possesses a. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Kingsley, J. S. (John Sterling), 1854-1929. New York, H. Holt and Company
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