. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. CATALOGUE OF THE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING COLLECTION. 13 whose efforts to utilize steam to do work, date, it is now believed, from 50 A. D. to 1760 A. D. If the steam engine is considered in its modern sense, however, then Hero's " aeolipile," and the engines made by Papin about 1690 A. D., are the only true ones, for those which followed Hero's and preceded Papin's engines were contri- vances for raising water by steam and had no means of operating machinery directly, although they raised water which in turn oper- ated a water wheel
. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. CATALOGUE OF THE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING COLLECTION. 13 whose efforts to utilize steam to do work, date, it is now believed, from 50 A. D. to 1760 A. D. If the steam engine is considered in its modern sense, however, then Hero's " aeolipile," and the engines made by Papin about 1690 A. D., are the only true ones, for those which followed Hero's and preceded Papin's engines were contri- vances for raising water by steam and had no means of operating machinery directly, although they raised water which in turn oper- ated a water wheel. Hero's engine is a true rotary steam engine working on the same principle as that of the turbine. Branca (A. D. 1629) directed. THE LEFFEL TURBINE. steam to strike the vanes of a wheel, causing it to rotate. Dr. Denis Papin, of Blois, France, built a water elevator consisting of two vessels, one in which steam was generated and the other containing the water to be elevated. The former was equipped with a safety valve and the latter contained a float resting on the water and upon which the steam acted, thus decreasing the amount of condensation. This float was the precursor of the piston, invented by Papin. Thomas Savery patented in England a " fire engine " in 1698, which raised water by the direct pressure of steam alternating with atmos- pheric pressure, which proved to be the first practical application of steam Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original United States National Museum; Smithsonian Institution; United States. Dept. of the Interior. Washington : Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc. ]; for sale by the Supt. of Docs. , U. S. Govt Print. Off.
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