. Bonner zoologische Monographien. Zoology. BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN Nr. 58/2011. FIG. 494. Distribution of the core group of Pholcus (cf Fig. 26). Three widespread taxa are excluded from this map: the cosmopolitan Ph. phalangioides. Ph. opilionoides (see Fig. 1585), and Ph. manueli (see Figs. 1707, 1708). large rocks; Figs. 13-17), some species live in the leaf litter ( Ph. kribi; Fig. 18), and some are adapted to life on the underside of green leaves {Ph. taarab group. Ph. debilis group, some representatives of the Ph. quinquenotatus group; Figs. 11, 12). Several species are syna
. Bonner zoologische Monographien. Zoology. BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN Nr. 58/2011. FIG. 494. Distribution of the core group of Pholcus (cf Fig. 26). Three widespread taxa are excluded from this map: the cosmopolitan Ph. phalangioides. Ph. opilionoides (see Fig. 1585), and Ph. manueli (see Figs. 1707, 1708). large rocks; Figs. 13-17), some species live in the leaf litter ( Ph. kribi; Fig. 18), and some are adapted to life on the underside of green leaves {Ph. taarab group. Ph. debilis group, some representatives of the Ph. quinquenotatus group; Figs. 11, 12). Several species are synanthropic to various de- grees, and some have as a result spread over the entire globe {Ph. phalangioides), to another continent {Ph. manueli), or over areas that are probably much larger than their original distributions {Ph. opilionoi- des, Ph. ponticus. Ph. alticeps. Ph. quinquenotatus. Ph. ancoralis. Ph. ornatus. Ph. fragillimus). Distribution. The core group of Pholcus is largely restricted to the Old World (Fig. 494). It is notably absent from Madagascar. The only exception to its Old World distribution (excluding synanthropic spe- cies) is the Ph. kingi species group with several en- demic species mainly in the TGA-area (Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama). Another New World species group that is traditionally assigned to Leptopholcus may also eventually end up in Pholcus (or in a new genus). Composition. Pholcus continues to be the largest genus in Pholcidae. The core group alone currently includes 219 species, of which 64 are newly described and 63 are redescribed below. Another 35 species are as- signed tentatively to Pholcus (25 new species, 5 rede- scribed; of these, two are transferred to Pholcus: Ph. atrigularis and Ph. debilis) or are kept in the genus for lack of a better solution. Available collections suggest that dozens of undescribed species exist, primarily in central Africa and Southeast Asia. Misplaced species. Two species need to be removed from Pholcus: Pholcus
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