Elements of geology, or, The Elements of geology, or, The ancient changes of the earth and its inhabitants as illustrated by geological monuments elementsofgeolog00lyel Year: 1868 360 CHALK ESCARPMENTS. [Ch. xi: Mr. Martin has suggested that the great cross fractures of the chalk, which have become river channels, have a remarkable correspondence on each side of the valley of the Weald ; in several instances the gorges in the North and South Downs appearing to be directly opposed to each other. Thus, for example, the defiles of the Wey in the North Downs, and of the Arun in the South, seemed
Elements of geology, or, The Elements of geology, or, The ancient changes of the earth and its inhabitants as illustrated by geological monuments elementsofgeolog00lyel Year: 1868 360 CHALK ESCARPMENTS. [Ch. xi: Mr. Martin has suggested that the great cross fractures of the chalk, which have become river channels, have a remarkable correspondence on each side of the valley of the Weald ; in several instances the gorges in the North and South Downs appearing to be directly opposed to each other. Thus, for example, the defiles of the Wey in the North Downs, and of the Arun in the South, seemed to coincide in direction ; and in like manner, the Ouse corre- sponds to the Darent, and the Cuckmere to the Medway.* Although these coincidences may, perhaps, be accidental, it is by no means improbable, as hinted by the author above mentioned, that great amount of elevation towards the centre of the Weald district gave rise to transverse fissures. And as the longitudinal valleys were connected with that linear move- ment which caused the anti- clinal lines running east and west, so the cross fissures migh have been occasioned by the intensity of the upheaving force towards the centre of the line. But before treating of the manner in which the upheaving movement may have acted, T shall endeavor to make the reader more intimately acquaint- ed with the leading geographi- cal features of the district, so far as they are of geological in- terest. In whatever direction we travel from the tertiary strata of the basins of London and Hamp- shire towards the valley of the Weald, we first ascend a slope of white chalk, with flints, and then find ourselves on the sum- mit of a declivity consisting, for the most part, of different mem- bers of the chalk formation; below which the upper green- Geol. of 'Western Sussex, p. 61.
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