Report of the exploring expedition to the Rocky Mountains in the year 1842, and to Oregon and north California in the years 1843-44 . ments of blackvolcanic rock, our laborious travelling was strongly contrasted with therapid progress of Mr. Applegates fleet of boats, which suddenly came glid-ing swiftly down the broad river, which here chanced to be tranquil andsmooth. At evening we encamped on the river bank, where there wasvery little grass, and less timber. We frequently met Indians on the road,and they were collected at every favorable spot along the river. October 29.—The road continued
Report of the exploring expedition to the Rocky Mountains in the year 1842, and to Oregon and north California in the years 1843-44 . ments of blackvolcanic rock, our laborious travelling was strongly contrasted with therapid progress of Mr. Applegates fleet of boats, which suddenly came glid-ing swiftly down the broad river, which here chanced to be tranquil andsmooth. At evening we encamped on the river bank, where there wasvery little grass, and less timber. We frequently met Indians on the road,and they were collected at every favorable spot along the river. October 29.—The road continued along the river, and in the course ofthe day Mount St. Helens, another snowy peak of the Cascade range, wasvisible. We crossed the Umatilah river at a fall near its mouth. Thisstream is of the same class as the Walahwalah river, with a bed of volcanicrock, in places split into fissures. Our encampment was similar to that ofyesterday; there was very little grass, and no wood. The Indians broughtus some pieces for sale, which were purchased to make our fires. October 31.—By observation, our camp is in latitude 45° 50 05, and. 185 [ 174 ] longitude 119° 22 18. The night has been cold, and we have whitefrost this morning, with a temperature at daylight of 25°, and at sunrise of24°. The early morning was very clear, and the stars bright; but, asusual since we are on the Columbia, clouds formed immediately with therising sun. The day continued fine, the east being covered with scatteredclouds, but the west remaining clear; showing the remarkable cone-likepeak of Mount Hood brightly drawn against the sky. This was in viewall day in the southwest, but no other peaks of the range were road was a bad one, of very loose deep sand. We met on the way aparty of Indians unusually well dressed, wearing clothes of civilized textureand form. They appeared intelligent, and, in our slight intercourse, im-pressed me with the belief that they possessed some aptitude for acquiring
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