Transactions . t in theSpiegel, or to errors of per cent., per cent, and percent., if working on one gramme of spiegel or ferro-manganese, onthe total amount of all the constituents present. The low results obtained by some chemists may perhaps be ex-plained on the supposition that the potassium chlorate used may becontaminated with potassium chloride, thus giving rise to the for-mation of free hvdrochloric acid, which we see interferes with theaccuracy of the process. A MEXICAN CUPELLATION-HEARTH. 41 A MEXICAN CUPELLATION-HEABTH. BY W. LAWRENCE AUSTIN, , SANTA BARBARA, CI
Transactions . t in theSpiegel, or to errors of per cent., per cent, and percent., if working on one gramme of spiegel or ferro-manganese, onthe total amount of all the constituents present. The low results obtained by some chemists may perhaps be ex-plained on the supposition that the potassium chlorate used may becontaminated with potassium chloride, thus giving rise to the for-mation of free hvdrochloric acid, which we see interferes with theaccuracy of the process. A MEXICAN CUPELLATION-HEARTH. 41 A MEXICAN CUPELLATION-HEABTH. BY W. LAWRENCE AUSTIN, , SANTA BARBARA, CIIIHUAHUA, MEXICO. At the Troy meeting of the Institute, in October, 1883, I pre-sented a paper entitled Smelting Notes ffom Chihuahua, Mexico,^*in which was briefly described a cupellation-hearth, commonly metwith in the northern part of Mexico, called in the vernacular unvaso. Since writing the paper I have had occasion to construct a hearthof this description for myself, using it, in conjunction with a water-. Fig. I. Vertical Section at right angles to jacket, for the reduction of a very refractory ore in the form of con-centrates; and I now avail myself of this opportunity to qualifysome of the statements made in the paper referred to. At the sametime I wish to present some sketches which will enable anyone torun up a similar furnace within three days, should occasion demand * Transactions^ vol. xii., p. 185. 42 A MEXICAN CUPELLATION-HEARTH. it. As it is built entirely of common clay (the more refractory thebetter) and the ashes of scrub-oak taken from the ash-pit of thefurnace itself, the materials necessary for its construction are avail-able anywhere. Even the grate-bars of the fireplace are made ofadobes cut in two. There are, scattered over the West, small de-posits of refractory lead-silver ores, which, because of their rebelliousnature or the isolation of the locality, do not admit of the ordinarysmelting process, and are not amenable to amalgamation or any
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