. The science of railways . and 6.)It serves as a receptacle for sparks, which, if notconfined, would be ejected through the smoke-stack, thus causing discomfort to the public anddanger to property. What provision is made in this extended frontend (14) for the regulation of the draft? It con-tains the exhaust nozzle (32), the so-called petti-coat-pipe (36), and an adjustable defiectingplate or diaphram (27). (See also Fig. 4.) OF THE LOCOMOTIVE EXGIXEER. 53 What is the purpose of the safety valve (201)and how does it operate ^ Its purpose is to relievethe boiler of excessive pressure by allowi
. The science of railways . and 6.)It serves as a receptacle for sparks, which, if notconfined, would be ejected through the smoke-stack, thus causing discomfort to the public anddanger to property. What provision is made in this extended frontend (14) for the regulation of the draft? It con-tains the exhaust nozzle (32), the so-called petti-coat-pipe (36), and an adjustable defiectingplate or diaphram (27). (See also Fig. 4.) OF THE LOCOMOTIVE EXGIXEER. 53 What is the purpose of the safety valve (201)and how does it operate ^ Its purpose is to relievethe boiler of excessive pressure by allowing thesteam to escape into the air. The steam, afterattaining a certain pressure, pushes up a stemand spring and thereby unseats a valve and thusallows the steam to escape into the atmosphereuntil the pressure becomes normal, when thespring again seats (closes) the valve.^ Of what use is the second safety valve ? It isvaluable as a measure of safety, in the event thefirst valve should stick or otherwise become jStcttm Chcsl Relief VaUe — Why are suction or air relief valves (45) f placedon the steam chest of many locomotives? Inorder to admit air into the steam chest and thusprevent a vacuum therein, when the engine is running with steam shut off. *Americaa locomotives are fitted with two safety valves withthe steam pressure usually set at from three to five pounds dif-ference between them. tFig. 8 shows one style of steam chest relief valves. 54 DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES What is the object of safety valves on thesteam chest or dry pipe of a locomotive^ Toprevent bursting the steam chest or knocking outa cylinder head in case the engine were reversedwith the throttle closed. If, upon opening the fire-box door (222) whatis called a red fire should be discovered, whatwould be the probable cause ? That the grateshad become filled with ashes and clinkers and thefire was not getting sufficient air. If the fire was not getting air enough throughthe grates (165), wh
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