. The Compleat cladist : a primer of phylogenetic procedures. Cladistic analysis; Zoology -- Classification; Phylogeny. INTRODUCTION, TERMS, AND CONCEPTS 6. Venn diagram.—A Venn diagram is a graphic representation of the relationships among taxa using intemested circles and ellipses. The ellipses take the place of intemode connections. A typical Venn diagram is contrasted with a phylogenetic tree in Fig. Aves Crocodylia Lepidosauria a. f Aves J f Crocodylia j f Lepidosauria j Fig. —A phylogenetic tree (a) and a Venn diagram (b) of three groups of tetrapod vertebrates. Quick Quiz—Relat
. The Compleat cladist : a primer of phylogenetic procedures. Cladistic analysis; Zoology -- Classification; Phylogeny. INTRODUCTION, TERMS, AND CONCEPTS 6. Venn diagram.—A Venn diagram is a graphic representation of the relationships among taxa using intemested circles and ellipses. The ellipses take the place of intemode connections. A typical Venn diagram is contrasted with a phylogenetic tree in Fig. Aves Crocodylia Lepidosauria a. f Aves J f Crocodylia j f Lepidosauria j Fig. —A phylogenetic tree (a) and a Venn diagram (b) of three groups of tetrapod vertebrates. Quick Quiz—Relationships Examine Fig. and answer the following: 1. What is the sister group of the clade N? 2. What is the sister group of the clade M? 3. What is the sister group of a group composed of M+N? 4. Where is the hypothetical ancestor of the ingroup on the tree? 5. How many ancestors can a group have? 6. Draw a Venn diagram of Fig. Terms for Classifications 1. Natural classification.—A classification containing only monophyletic groups and/or species is a natural classification. A natural classification is logically consistent with the phylogenetic relationships of the organisms classified as they are understood by the investigator constructing the classification. That is, the knowledge claims inherent in a natural classification do not conflict with any of the knowledge claims inherent in the phylogenetic tree. The protocols for determining if a classification is logically consistent with a phylogenetic tree are given in Chapter Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Wiley, E. O. Lawrence, Kan. : Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas
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