Ontario Public School History of England : Authorized by the Minister of Education for Ontario for Use in Forms IV and V of the Public Schools . rkshire saints, wastaken into the field. At the foot of thecross the archbishop read prayers, and theEnglish archers and the Norman knightspledged themselves to conquer or die. Afurious attack of the Scots was repulsed,and David retreated, leaving twelvethousand men dead upon the field. In one place after another the fightingwent on for many years. At one timeStephen was taken prisoner, and Matilda ruled the countryfor a few months; but she was so pro
Ontario Public School History of England : Authorized by the Minister of Education for Ontario for Use in Forms IV and V of the Public Schools . rkshire saints, wastaken into the field. At the foot of thecross the archbishop read prayers, and theEnglish archers and the Norman knightspledged themselves to conquer or die. Afurious attack of the Scots was repulsed,and David retreated, leaving twelvethousand men dead upon the field. In one place after another the fightingwent on for many years. At one timeStephen was taken prisoner, and Matilda ruled the countryfor a few months; but she was so proud and arrogantthat the very barons that had most desired her forqueen began to desert her. At another time she hada narrow escape from being captured, for Stephens armysurrounded the castle at Oxford in which she had takenrefuge; but one day there was a heavy snowstorm, andthat night Matilda and a few guards dressed themselves inwhite and slipped away silently over the snow and acro88the frozen Thames to a place of safety. But the country was now worn out with fighting and bothMatilda and Stephen were tired of the struggle, and ready for. The Standard 50 HISTORY OF ENGLAND [1135-54 peace. A treaty was signed at Wallingford, by which it waeagreed that Stephen should rule as long as he lived, and thatat his death Henry, son of Matilda and Geoffrey ofAnjou, should receive the crown. How long this treatywould have been kept is a question, but the next yearStephen died and Henry became king. 46. Three languages in England.—During this periodthere were three languages used in England. Latin wasused in the courts of justice and in the church was spoken at the court of the king, and waslooked upon as the language of polite society. Englishwas spoken by the masses of the English people. Theliterary language was Latin. French romances and songswere brought from France, but an Englishman wouldhave thought it very strange to write a book in any otherlanguage than Latin. T
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