. Transactions. 0) did not show any ofthe films; and similar films were found in samples containing no tin,but zinc and phosphorus, the oxides of which are volatile. The commonoxide films found so frequently in commercial bronzes are therefore thoughtto be caused either by the volatile oxide of zinc or phosphorus or bydissolved gases thrown out of solution when the metal solidifies. Thesefilms are illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7, the latter being an extreme case,where the unsoundness was very evident before the specimen was more usual oxide films, as shown in Fig. 6, do not appear dist
. Transactions. 0) did not show any ofthe films; and similar films were found in samples containing no tin,but zinc and phosphorus, the oxides of which are volatile. The commonoxide films found so frequently in commercial bronzes are therefore thoughtto be caused either by the volatile oxide of zinc or phosphorus or bydissolved gases thrown out of solution when the metal solidifies. Thesefilms are illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7, the latter being an extreme case,where the unsoundness was very evident before the specimen was more usual oxide films, as shown in Fig. 6, do not appear distinctlyuntil after etching, as the polishing seems to make the metal flow overand hide them. Several unsuccessful attempts were made to examine inclusions ofzinc oxide in brass, but, at first, the only result obtained was an ap-parently clean though unsound metal with films and cavities like thoseshown in Figs. 6 and 7. Finally, some typical inclusions were obtained 388 NON-METALLIC INCLUSIONS IN BRONZE AND BRASS. Fig. 1.—Electrolytic copper ingot, showing oxide eutectic, unetched. X 400.
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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjectmineralindustries
