The earth and its inhabitants .. . NS. Degenhardt noticed columns of smoke rising above Ruiz, wliich seems to be notyet quite extinct. Hot springs at a temperature of 148^ Fahr. bubbli up nearthe summit on the west side, liberating iJG cubic feet of sulphuric and hydro-chloric acid per hour. Tolima, giant of the Colombian Andes, raises its andesite cone to a heightof 18,400 feet, some 4,000 feet above its slate and mica-schist pedestal. Nume-rous parasitic volcanoes on the slopes of the cone, which stands to theeast a little beyond the main axis of the system. Tolima is one of the vol
The earth and its inhabitants .. . NS. Degenhardt noticed columns of smoke rising above Ruiz, wliich seems to be notyet quite extinct. Hot springs at a temperature of 148^ Fahr. bubbli up nearthe summit on the west side, liberating iJG cubic feet of sulphuric and hydro-chloric acid per hour. Tolima, giant of the Colombian Andes, raises its andesite cone to a heightof 18,400 feet, some 4,000 feet above its slate and mica-schist pedestal. Nume-rous parasitic volcanoes on the slopes of the cone, which stands to theeast a little beyond the main axis of the system. Tolima is one of the volca-noes lying farthest from the sea that are not yet quite extinct. In lOQo thesnow covering its crater and the neighbouring cones was melted so rapidlythat two torrents, suddenly transformed to rivers and charged with vastquantities of debris, caused destructive inundations below Ibague. The waterswere so impregnated with acids that all the fish perished. In 1826, and again Fig. 54.—QuiNDio 1 : 8&u,(hhi. -^-fc-». /ebI or Ur e 1-n -v ^r in 1829, Tolima ejected columns of vapour, while solfataras have sprung up onthe neighbouring paramos, and on the (Juindio Pass south-west of the pass, the most frequented of all in the volcanic sierra, connects the Caucaand Magdalena basins at an elevation of feet. Till recently it was ofextremely difficult ascent, but now the approaches on both slopes have been greatlyimproved by a pathway dovelojiing regular tneanderings at a uniform gradient. South of Tolima the Cordillera falls considerably as far as the ])oak of SantaCatalina, in which it again rises to 16,170 feet, that is, the lower limit of perennialsnows. Then follows the imposing mass of the three-crested Huila (18,000 feet),which still shows .some life in its sulphurous vapours escaping from a few fissuresand melting the surrounding .snows. South of Huila, the Guanacas Pass, rathermore elevated than that of Quindio, connects the two upper Magdalena a
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectgeography, bookyear18
