. Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and lower California, with which are incorporated General ornithology: an outline of the structure and classification of birds; and Field ornithology, a manual of collecting, preparing, and preserving birds. Birds; Birds; 1887. PICIBJE: W00DPECKEB8. 4:11. Fig. 328. — European Spotted Woodpecker {Ticus mojor), reduced. (FromDixou.) 27. Family PICID^: Woodpeckers. Feet perfedhj zygodactyJ
. Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and lower California, with which are incorporated General ornithology: an outline of the structure and classification of birds; and Field ornithology, a manual of collecting, preparing, and preserving birds. Birds; Birds; 1887. PICIBJE: W00DPECKEB8. 4:11. Fig. 328. — European Spotted Woodpecker {Ticus mojor), reduced. (FromDixou.) 27. Family PICID^: Woodpeckers. Feet perfedhj zygodactyJe by rerersion of the fourth toe (in two genera the first toe wanting); tail-feathers rigid, acuminate; hill a chisel. This expression will serve for the recognition of any woodpecker (compare diagnoses of previous Pica- rian families). Wing of 10 primaries, the 1st quite short or even spurious, the wing-formula being quite as in most passerine birds — a crow or thrush, for example. Greater row of secund- ^ ;;,^g!W'^i^^mmm^m^^^mmi^Kk~KiW--=^ ^ry coverts short, as in passerine birds at large, rf av-ip^^Sm^^Hi^KT^BB ^?' TaJ\\. of 12 rectrices, but the outermost pair rudi- mentary, lying concealed at the base of the tail betvi^een the penultimate (now exterior) and next pair, so that there appear to be but 10, as usual in Picarian birds (a strong peculiarity). Tail-feathers very stifi' and strong, with enlarged elastic shafts, and acuminate at the end. Tarsi scuteUate in front, on the sides and behind variously reticulate. Toes strongly scuteUate on top. The usual ratio of the toes : 1st (inner posterior) shortest; 2d (inner anterior) next longer; 3d (outer anteriorj longer; 4th (outer posterior) longest of all (in most typical species; in some, however, scarcely or not equalling the 3d in length). The basal joints of the toes are abbreviated. There is a very unusual arrangement of the flexor tendons of the toes (shared, however, among Toucans, Scansorial Barbets, and Jaca
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectbirds, bookyear1887
