. The Chinese empire: a general & missionary survey ... pled. Learning flourished —presumably Chineselearning. However, in 926 the power of Bohai was de-stroyed by the invasion of the Kitan, a race dwelling on theupper Liao, who for many centuries had raided the northof China, and who now turned their arms eastwards, over-running the country as far as the Hurka. It was thispeople who at the same time established the Liao dynastyin North China. Erom them the name Cathay was carriedto Europe, and China is still known to Russia as Kitai. The people of Central Manchuria now appear under thename of
. The Chinese empire: a general & missionary survey ... pled. Learning flourished —presumably Chineselearning. However, in 926 the power of Bohai was de-stroyed by the invasion of the Kitan, a race dwelling on theupper Liao, who for many centuries had raided the northof China, and who now turned their arms eastwards, over-running the country as far as the Hurka. It was thispeople who at the same time established the Liao dynastyin North China. Erom them the name Cathay was carriedto Europe, and China is still known to Russia as Kitai. The people of Central Manchuria now appear under thename of Niichen, but broken up into many independentclans. Under the weight of disaster, their former civilisa-tion was lost, and they reverted to the nomadic state. In1114 a Niichen chief attacked an army of the Liao on thebanks of the Sungari, where his victory began a career ofconquest more startling in its rapidity than even that ofthe later Manchus, for in nine years he had swept downthrough Manchuria and taken Peking, thus founding thedynasty of rOMB OF KrKHACHU Nurhachu was the founder of the present Mauchii power, the chieftain ot the original royal Tungusictribelet known as Manchu. He died 1627. The picture shows the corner tower of the Bast Tomb nearMoukden. The roofs are bright yellow glazed tiles ; under the eaves the woodwork is painted bright blues andgreens. Beautiful wild woods surround the tombs. To face -page 303. MANCHURIA 303 When the Ming dynasty obtained possession of Liaotungin the fourteenth century they were the first rulers of Chineseblood who had governed north of the Yellow River for morethan 400 years. It is evident, therefore, that during thisperiod the population of North China must have been largelymixed with immigrants of Tartar blood, and conversely thatthe adjacent parts of Manchukia must have been muchaffected by Chinese civilisation. As an instance we mayrefer to the Sung dynasty porcelain mentioned by Jamesas found on the north of the Sung
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