. Proceedings of the seventeenth annual meeting of the Association of Economic Entomologists . and there is alsoa :>,(-foot space between these. The crosspieces at the bottom are soarranged that a nozzle in each end of each piece points up at anangle of about 4.~>°. This spacing and arrangement of the nozzleson both pipes results in a copious spray coming both from above upon the tops of the trees and from helow against the lower surfaceof the leaves—the latter, as you know, being very important. Inactual practice the tree- are completely surrounded by a fine spray, 45 so that the insect
. Proceedings of the seventeenth annual meeting of the Association of Economic Entomologists . and there is alsoa :>,(-foot space between these. The crosspieces at the bottom are soarranged that a nozzle in each end of each piece points up at anangle of about 4.~>°. This spacing and arrangement of the nozzleson both pipes results in a copious spray coming both from above upon the tops of the trees and from helow against the lower surfaceof the leaves—the latter, as you know, being very important. Inactual practice the tree- are completely surrounded by a fine spray, 45 so that the insects, whether upon the upper or lower surface, orwhether, disturbed by the spraying, they seek to fly away, are sureto be caught by the deadly mist. Two pumps were used, one withkerosene emulsion and the other with kero-water—not at the sametime, of course. These pumps were placed on a small raised plat-form in order to bring the handles within easy reach of the manpumping. The hose can be so connected with the horizontal pipesas to throw all the liquid forced up by one pump into the two. Fig. 2.—Outfit used for spraying young apple trees for Empoasca malt (original^. horizontals when one pump is used alone, or into one horizontal underthe same condition; or when both pumps are used the liquid is forcedequally into the entire system of piping. As a matter of fact, wefound that in using kerosene emulsion one pump could easily make agood spray from all the nozzles. It is evident that this outfit can beused with any spraying compound. The tank, resting on the plat-form between the wheels, was made of strong galvanized iron andwas 2 feet 10 inches in diameter and 3^ feet high, holding about165 gallons. The faucet in the bottom behind permitted the empty-ing of the tank at any time, and there was a hole 14 inches square in 46 the top for filling it. We used ;i heavy horse, and placed on the backof tlif animal an old saddle, which seemed to relieve his back of anyundue strain. El
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