The Gardeners' chronicle : a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects . e wheel untilit escapes at the bottom. The undershot wheel Assuming, however, that the well or other sourceof supply is situated so that a windmill can beapplied, there are several methods of fixing ordinary description of mill used for thepurpose is usually shaped like a wheel, and fittedwith a number of flaps or shutters, which canbe closed or opened to stop the mill. When thewind blows very hard, the shutters open, andallow it to pass through, closing when the windsinks. The older kind of
The Gardeners' chronicle : a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects . e wheel untilit escapes at the bottom. The undershot wheel Assuming, however, that the well or other sourceof supply is situated so that a windmill can beapplied, there are several methods of fixing ordinary description of mill used for thepurpose is usually shaped like a wheel, and fittedwith a number of flaps or shutters, which canbe closed or opened to stop the mill. When thewind blows very hard, the shutters open, andallow it to pass through, closing when the windsinks. The older kind of windmill has four armsor sweeps, which are also provided withshutters, and are kept closed by a spring orweight, as in the circular windmill. The writer, however, has seen a windmill madein a very much simpler manner, which actedalmost as well, in which the sweeps werenothing more than four boards secured to theends of two pieces of timber crossing each other,the boards being set at an angle to catch thewind. The axle to which the pieces of timberwere fastened had a crank which worked the. Fig. 33.—waterwheel for pumping purposes. (fig. 33) takes the water underneath, or only a shortdistance from the bottom of the wheel. This wheelis a floatwheel, and as the water rushes under it,it strikes the floats and drives the wheel round. The overshot wheel is by far the best wherethere is sufficient height for it to work. The breast wheel is the next in efficiency, while the undershot should never be employed unlessthere is an abundant supply of water. When a waterwheel is employed to work pumps,it generally is connected to them by cogwheels toreduce the speed, and the pumps are driven by acrankshaft to which one wheel is attached, theother being on the waterwheel shaft or axle. InOrder to obtain a steady flow of water the pumps,which are almost always of the forcingvariety, are arranged in a set of two and oftenthree pumps, so that one is always delivering orbeginning to do so while
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