. Elementary text-book of zoology, general part and special part: protozoa to insecta. Animals. 524 I>-SECTA, Ura, fig. 430). "While the labium is usually reduced to a simple plate with two lateral palps (jmlpi lahiales), in the Orthojitera we can distinguish a proximal piece (submentum), fixed to the throat, from a second piece, bearing the two palps (inentuni), at the point of which there is a piece, the tongue [glossa) (fig. 430, e, L. in), and sometimes secondary pieces, the jyairiglossce {L. ex). The sub- mentum evidently corresponds to the fused basal joints (cardo), the mentum t
. Elementary text-book of zoology, general part and special part: protozoa to insecta. Animals. 524 I>-SECTA, Ura, fig. 430). "While the labium is usually reduced to a simple plate with two lateral palps (jmlpi lahiales), in the Orthojitera we can distinguish a proximal piece (submentum), fixed to the throat, from a second piece, bearing the two palps (inentuni), at the point of which there is a piece, the tongue [glossa) (fig. 430, e, L. in), and sometimes secondary pieces, the jyairiglossce {L. ex). The sub- mentum evidently corresponds to the fused basal joints (cardo), the mentum to the fused shafts (stipes), the simple or bifid glossa to the lobus internus, and the paraglossse to the lobus externus of the first maxillse. Median projections on the internal suiface of the upper and lower lips are distinguished as epipIiavT/nx and hi/2)0- jyharynx respectively. The above description refers to insects which gnaw or bite their food. When the food is fluid, the mouth parts, either in whole or part, become so remarkably modi- fied that it required the penetration of Sa\-igny to establish their morphological relations. The biting mouth parts found in the orders of the Coleojotera, the Xeuroptera and the Ortlioptera are most nearly allied to the mouth pai-ts of the Ilymenojitera, which may be desciibed as a licking ajyj^aratus (fig. 431). The upper lip and mandibles agi-ee with those of the biting apparatus, but the maxillfe and la- bium are more or less elongated and modi- fied, to admit of licking and sucking up fluids. Mouth parts adapted for sticking are found in the Lepidoptera, where the first maxillse are united to form a sucking tube, while the other parts are more or less aborted (fig. 432). Finally the piercing mouth parts of the Diptera and Rhynchota also possess a sucking apparatus, which is usually formed of the labium; but there are also styliform wea- pons, by means of which access is gained to the nourishing fluid, which is to be sucked up (figs.
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectanimals, bookyear1892
