. . Mr. R. ^ A male was taken at East Orleans, November 30,1895, by John G. Rodgers, and is now in the Brewster col-lection.^ In Ipswich, September 15, 1908, Mr. William picked up, on the beach at Plum Island, near themouth of the Ipswich River, a dead Clapper Rail.^ Ayoung male was shot October 20, 1910, by T. C. Wilson,and recorded by Dr. John C. Phillips.^° 1 Cabot, Dr. S., Jr.: Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 1851, Vol. Ill, p. 326. 2 Wakefield, J. R.: Birds of Dedliam, 1891, p. 71. Howe, R. H., and Allen, Glover
. . Mr. R. ^ A male was taken at East Orleans, November 30,1895, by John G. Rodgers, and is now in the Brewster col-lection.^ In Ipswich, September 15, 1908, Mr. William picked up, on the beach at Plum Island, near themouth of the Ipswich River, a dead Clapper Rail.^ Ayoung male was shot October 20, 1910, by T. C. Wilson,and recorded by Dr. John C. Phillips.^° 1 Cabot, Dr. S., Jr.: Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 1851, Vol. Ill, p. 326. 2 Wakefield, J. R.: Birds of Dedliam, 1891, p. 71. Howe, R. H., and Allen, Glover M.: Birds of Massachusetts, 1901, p. 17.* Maynard, C. J.: Nat. Guide, 1870, p. 145. 5 Purdie, H. A.: Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, 1877, p. 22. 6 Brewster, William: Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, 1880, pp. 62, 63. 7 Browne, F. C.: Auk, 1887, p. 344. 8 Brewster, William: Auk, 1901, p. 136. 9 Auk, 1909, pp. 76, » Ibid., 1911. p. 119. BIRDS HUNTED FOR FOOD OR SPORT. 207 VIRGINIA RAIL {Rallus virginianus).Common or local names: Long-billed Rail; Fresh-water Length. — to inches; bill Adult. — Top of head, back of neck and back rich ohve brown, streakedwith blackish; feathers sometimes bordered with pale grayish; sidesof head ash gray; line from bill to above eye white; below it a blackishstripe from bill through eye; chin and throat white; wings and taildark grayish brown; wing coverts rich reddish brown; below a warmbrown; lower belly and flanks black, barred with white; bill long,slightly curved. Young. — Above much as in adult but darker; throat and line down themiddle of the under parts whitish; rest of under parts blackish. Downij Young. — Sooty black, with yellowish bill. Field Marks. — Size of Bob-white; long reddish bill and rich brown breastdistinguish this bird from the Sora. ^()tes. — Call, kep, Uk or kip; song, a grunting sound, ivak-wak-trak, andcut, cutta-cutta-cutta (Brewster). Female, when anxious, ki-ki-ki or kiu,like a Flicker (E
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