. Our troubles in Poona and the Deccan by Arthur Crawford. With numerous illus. by Horace Van Ruith . bee in the orthodox scheme of castes. The consumptionof milk in all its forms in and around the City of Poonamust be enormous, seeing that at least half the populationconsume it largely as milk, in curds or buttermilk, asghee or clarified butter. It is drawn principally frombuffaloes, large herds of which are tended in the environsof the City. The fluid is brought in morning and afternoonfrom the grazing grounds, in large brass lotahs (crocks),placed one atop of another and then attached to ea


. Our troubles in Poona and the Deccan by Arthur Crawford. With numerous illus. by Horace Van Ruith . bee in the orthodox scheme of castes. The consumptionof milk in all its forms in and around the City of Poonamust be enormous, seeing that at least half the populationconsume it largely as milk, in curds or buttermilk, asghee or clarified butter. It is drawn principally frombuffaloes, large herds of which are tended in the environsof the City. The fluid is brought in morning and afternoonfrom the grazing grounds, in large brass lotahs (crocks),placed one atop of another and then attached to each endof a stout pole, which the Gowlee, balancing on his shoulder,trots off with to the City,—frothing or spilling being 202 OUR TROUBLES IN POONA AND THE DECCAN. prevented by a wisp of straw, grass or herbs stuck in thepot. The milk is sold off at once, and boiled by thepurchaser. They are many thousands of milch buftaloes round Poona,and half as many men and women are engaged in thetrade. The Gowlee has not the best of reputations forhonesty, and is believed, not without reason, to be in the. GOWLICICS OR MILKMEN. habit of poisoning the cattle of rival dealers or of privateindividuals, especially Europeans, Parsees and Mahomme-dans, who keep their own cattle so as to be sure ofsweet new milk. The writer has never heard that theGowlees have been concerned in anything more heinous,or that they arc discontented. They certainly have no causeto be so. FRUITERERS-FLORISTS-SHEPHERDS. 203 THE MALEES OR GARDENERS. With a population like that in Poona, needing fruit andflowers in every domestic ceremony, for offerings to thegods, for garlands and nosegays for every guest, for presentsto superiors: with a strong local and commercial demandfor sugar, and an insatiable market for fruit and vegetablesin the great city of Bombay- it follows that the Maleesare well-to-do. Most of them are Mahrattas of the upperclasses —many of them are connected with the best Mahrattafamilies—not a fe


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