. The ocean carrier; a history and analysis of the service and a discussion of the rates of ocean transportation . dem expedient of organizingthe Stonington Steamship Company, in whichit held eighty-five per cent, of the stock. In the same year, 1867, a new route to Bostonwas opened by a contract arrangement betweenthe steamers and the railroad connecting atBristol. In 1868 this line and the Stonington Linecompeted until rates went down to a dollar fromBoston to New York, but they soon stopped thatpolicy and worked harmoniously until, in the hardtimes of 1877, the Stonington Company openeda ne
. The ocean carrier; a history and analysis of the service and a discussion of the rates of ocean transportation . dem expedient of organizingthe Stonington Steamship Company, in whichit held eighty-five per cent, of the stock. In the same year, 1867, a new route to Bostonwas opened by a contract arrangement betweenthe steamers and the railroad connecting atBristol. In 1868 this line and the Stonington Linecompeted until rates went down to a dollar fromBoston to New York, but they soon stopped thatpolicy and worked harmoniously until, in the hardtimes of 1877, the Stonington Company openeda new passenger steamship line to connect withBoston via Providence. This precipitated an-other rate war, during a part of which there weresix different combination water and rail routesfrom New York to Boston, and two of them wereoperated by the Fall River Line, now in the con-trol of the Old Colony Railroad Company. Therate war lasted until 1881 and was ended by anagreement to divide a part of the traffic amongthe contestants. About 1885 the New York, New Haven &Hartford Railroad Company began to strengthen. Railway Steamship Lines 171 its grip on the steamer lines of the sound andin a decade it had gone a long way toward theirabsorption. In 1893 the New York, Providence& Boston Railroad was merged and with it wentthe Providence and Stonington Lines of weeks later a ninety-nine-year lease of theOld Colony Railroad followed and with it wentthe Fall River Line. In 1898 the New York &New England Railroad was absorbed, carryingwith it the New York & New London SteamboatLine. In 1899 the New York & Hartford Steam-boat Company opened a new line to Providence,calling it the Narragansett Bay Line, but thenext year the New York, New Haven & HartfordRailroad got control of the company and with-drew the line. The monopoly by the railroad steamship lineswas, however, hard to maintain. The year afterthe last purchase just mentioned, the Joy Line,which had before been canying only
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