Journal of electricity, power, and gas . JlmiL. Fig. 40. can be developed for $45 per —in such a case itwould be economical to increase the 4000 ft. pipe tosuitable dimensions for 5 per cent loss, but it wouldcertainly not be economy to increase the 8000 ft. pipeto the 5 per cent loss although it probably would bewise to increase it to obtain only about 8 per centloss. This would not apply with equal force wherefuture additions contemplated additional pipe lines. It is obvious from a study of the Chezy formula(39) that the slope s or friction head (a less confusingterm where pipes are calc
Journal of electricity, power, and gas . JlmiL. Fig. 40. can be developed for $45 per —in such a case itwould be economical to increase the 4000 ft. pipe tosuitable dimensions for 5 per cent loss, but it wouldcertainly not be economy to increase the 8000 ft. pipeto the 5 per cent loss although it probably would bewise to increase it to obtain only about 8 per centloss. This would not apply with equal force wherefuture additions contemplated additional pipe lines. It is obvious from a study of the Chezy formula(39) that the slope s or friction head (a less confusingterm where pipes are calculated for water power) in-creases as a function of the velocity V or quantity Q,and therefore that as the gates or nozzles are changedat the power house to vary the water quantity issuing Surreyed Meaa/ Fig. 41. 356 JOURNAL OF ELECTRICITY, POWER AND GAS [Vol. XXXII—No. 17 from the pipe that the friction loss varies. The hy-draulic grade therefore varies as a function of thewater quantity and is level when the gates are closed(V = 0) and i
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