Elements of plumbing . Fig. 5.—Modern low-tank closet. The first tubs used in this country were of wood lined withcopper or zinc, and were built in or boxed in with woodpanelling. The plumbing ordinances of today prohibitthis boxing as it proved to be a breeding place for vermin,etc. As the illustration shows, the woodwork encasingthe tub was in a great many cases beautifully carved andfinished. The placing on the market of a steel-clad tub, a steeltub with a copper lining, which did away with the boxing, PLUMBING FIXTURES AND TRADE 7 was a big improvement as far as sanitary reasons wereconcer


Elements of plumbing . Fig. 5.—Modern low-tank closet. The first tubs used in this country were of wood lined withcopper or zinc, and were built in or boxed in with woodpanelling. The plumbing ordinances of today prohibitthis boxing as it proved to be a breeding place for vermin,etc. As the illustration shows, the woodwork encasingthe tub was in a great many cases beautifully carved andfinished. The placing on the market of a steel-clad tub, a steeltub with a copper lining, which did away with the boxing, PLUMBING FIXTURES AND TRADE 7 was a big improvement as far as sanitary reasons wereconcerned as well as a reduction in cost of tubs. Thesetubs were set up on legs which permitted cleaning andprovided good ventilation all around. With these featuresthey drove all other tubs from the market. The copper. Encased bath tub. and zinc were found to be hard to keep clean and they weresoon replaced by the iron enamelled and earthenware finish on these tubs being white and non-absorbentmakes them highly acceptable as sanitary fixtures. Astudy of the illustrations will show how progress hasbeen made in design as well as in sanitary features.


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