The Americana; a universal reference library, comprising the arts and sciences, literature, history, biography, geography, commerce, etc., of the world . name applied to anumber of benches built adjacent to each otherand within one brick structure. The process of operation is as follows: Afire is kindled in the furnace D, Figure 2, and theproducts of combustion, arising from the fuel,pass around the retorts, heating them to a brightcherry red. When this temperature has beenreached, coal is thrown into the retorts, thecharge varying in weight with the size of theretort. A large retort may take
The Americana; a universal reference library, comprising the arts and sciences, literature, history, biography, geography, commerce, etc., of the world . name applied to anumber of benches built adjacent to each otherand within one brick structure. The process of operation is as follows: Afire is kindled in the furnace D, Figure 2, and theproducts of combustion, arising from the fuel,pass around the retorts, heating them to a brightcherry red. When this temperature has beenreached, coal is thrown into the retorts, thecharge varying in weight with the size of theretort. A large retort may take a charge of350 pounds. The coal having been thrown intothe retort, the lid is closed. The heat destruc-tively distills the coal and the gas so producedpasses out through the mouth-piece and stand-pipe into the hydraulic main. It will be seen,from the arrangement of the hydraulic main,that the gas passing from the stand-pipe bubblesthrough the water in the hydraulic main, thepresence of the water preventing the return ofthe gas when the lid is again opened to drawout the coke resulting from the distillation of thecoal, and to throw in a new Fig. I. There are many forms of retort settings. Inthe more modern type the retorts are heatedfrom what are known as regenerative furnaces,that is, furnaces which are worked at a com-paratively low temperature and whose productsof combustion contain a certain proportion ofhydrogen and carbonic oxide, due to the intro-duction of steam below the fuel bed. Theseproducts, passing through ports to the chambercontaining the retorts, meet there an incomingstream of air, which has been previously heatedin flues, brought to a high temperature by thepassage of the escaping chimney gases, throughsimilar flues, parallel to and separated by a thinwall from the air flues. The furnace gases andthe air combining in the retort chamber pro- GAS AND GAS MAKING duce a very high temperature. The cuts illus-trate the simpk-r form of retort setting and are
Size: 1218px × 2052px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectencyclo, bookyear1908
