. Practical electro-therapeutics and X-ray therapy : with chapters on phototherapy, X-ray in eye surgery, X-ray in dentistry, and medico-legal aspect of the X-ray . Fig. 198.—From photograph of nineteen groups of gall stones. where we least expect to find them, and, again, we fail to find themwhere the clinical symptoms are almost conclusive. The x-ray diag-nosis of gall and kidney stones are only conclusive when repeatedskiagraphs show the presence of a foreign substance in a position 379 380 PRACTICAL ELECTRO-THERAPEUTICS AND X-RAY THERAPY where it is expected to exist. These stones differ s


. Practical electro-therapeutics and X-ray therapy : with chapters on phototherapy, X-ray in eye surgery, X-ray in dentistry, and medico-legal aspect of the X-ray . Fig. 198.—From photograph of nineteen groups of gall stones. where we least expect to find them, and, again, we fail to find themwhere the clinical symptoms are almost conclusive. The x-ray diag-nosis of gall and kidney stones are only conclusive when repeatedskiagraphs show the presence of a foreign substance in a position 379 380 PRACTICAL ELECTRO-THERAPEUTICS AND X-RAY THERAPY where it is expected to exist. These stones differ so much in den-sity and composition that in some cases a well-made skiagraph willnot reveal the presence of a stone of considerable size. In order. nig. 199.—Skiagraph of groups of gall stones. to demonstrate this fact, the author prepared nineteen groups ofgall stones as seen in Fig. 198. This picture shows the stones abouthalf their normal size. It is introduced to show the relative size X-RAY IN GALL AND KIDNEY STONES 381 and external appearance of the different stones. While the stonesdiffer widely in size and shape, the picture furnishes no idea oftheir density or quality to absorb the rays; in fact, from theirvisual appearance we would naturally suppose that one groupwould make as dense shadows on the plate as another. Group 9is two pieces of common chalk used as a control. In order to determine the relative density of these stones, the


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Keywords: ., boo, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjecteye, bookyear1912