. Elements of biology; a practical text-book correlating botany, zoology, and human physiology. Biology. RESPIRATION 385 Changes in the Blood within the Lungs. — Blood, after leaving the lungs, is much brighter red than just before entering them. The change in color is due to a taking up of oxygen by the htcmo- globin of the red corpuscle. Changes taking place in blood are obviously the reverse of those which take place in air in the lungs. Blood in the capillaries within the lungs gains from four to five per cent of oxygen which the air loses. At the same time blood loses the four per cent of
. Elements of biology; a practical text-book correlating botany, zoology, and human physiology. Biology. RESPIRATION 385 Changes in the Blood within the Lungs. — Blood, after leaving the lungs, is much brighter red than just before entering them. The change in color is due to a taking up of oxygen by the htcmo- globin of the red corpuscle. Changes taking place in blood are obviously the reverse of those which take place in air in the lungs. Blood in the capillaries within the lungs gains from four to five per cent of oxygen which the air loses. At the same time blood loses the four per cent of carbon dioxide which the air gains. The water given off is mostly lost from the blood. Tissue Respiration.—It has been found, in the case of ver>' , simple animals, such as the amoeba, that when oxidation takes place in a cell, work or release of heat results from this oxidation. The oxygen taken into the lungs is not used there, but is car- ried by the blood to such parts of the body as need oxygen to oxidize food mate- rials either in the performance of work or the maintenance of the body temperature. The quantity of oxygen used by the body is nearly depend- ent on the amount of work performed. From twenty to twenty-five ounces is taken in and used by the body every day. Oxygen is constantly taken from the blood by tissues in a state of rest. This ox3^gen is used up when the body is at work. This is proved by the fact that in a given time a man, when working, gives off more carbon dioxide than the oxygen he has taken in during that time. '^Alcohol interferes with the Respiration of the Cells. — Alcohol is quickly absorbed from the stomach and intestine and as quickly disappears. After it is taken, little or no alcohol, or any substance like alcohol, or any substance containing so little oxygen as alcohol, can be found in any waste of the body. Hence the inference is that it must be oxidized, although the exact point and the manner of its oxidation may not be known.
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