. Practical electricity in medicine and surgery. sius explanation of electrolysis seems to accord withwhat is known experimentally better than any other which hasyet been put forward, and the theory of molecular agitation onwhich it depends is the foundation of the so-called kinetictheory of gases now very generally accepted. * Maxwell, Elec. and JIag. CHAPTER II. Magnetism. Magnetism was first discovered by the ancients as a propertyof a now well-known and widely-scattered mineral called theloadstone, which is an oxide of iron of the composition Fe304. It has long been known that if we dip a
. Practical electricity in medicine and surgery. sius explanation of electrolysis seems to accord withwhat is known experimentally better than any other which hasyet been put forward, and the theory of molecular agitation onwhich it depends is the foundation of the so-called kinetictheory of gases now very generally accepted. * Maxwell, Elec. and JIag. CHAPTER II. Magnetism. Magnetism was first discovered by the ancients as a propertyof a now well-known and widely-scattered mineral called theloadstone, which is an oxide of iron of the composition Fe304. It has long been known that if we dip a fragment of load-stone into a mass of iron filings the filings will cling to thelatter, and that they will adhere in greater numbers at certainparticular regions than at others. These regions are sometimeswell defined, and we shall observe that there are always twospots, usually the ends, whose properties are of an oppositecharacter (as in the case of bodies charged with electricity), sep-arated by an interval of little oreven no action at Fig. 39. Fig. m. That the opposite ends of a piece of natural magnet, as wemay call the loadstone, possess really opposite properties can beshown in many ways. If we allow the needle of an ordinarycompass (Fig. 39) to come to rest and approach one end of theloadstone to it, it will move, and, let us suppose, it is it has again come to rest turn the loadstone end for endand bring it near the needle again; the needle will be we take a rod of rather hard iron and rub one end over oneextremity of the loadstone and the other end over the other ex-tremity, we shall observe a similar phenomenon in the iron sotreated. Again, let us rub one end of a bar of iron with end A (51) 52 PRACTICAL ELECTRICITY IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY. of the loadstone (Fig. 40), one end over B. Treat another barin a similar way. Then we shall find that the ends, both ofwhich have been rubbed with A or B, repel each other, andthat the ends rubb
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