. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. THE DEPRESSION IN trade and the almost com- plete cessation of emigra- tion to the American col- onies that followed the Civil War in England, dur- ing the 1640's, led to the rapid growth of the New England fisheries and co- lonial maritime trade. To support themselves in this period, the colonials began trading in the West Indies, and as fish was an article- in-trade much in demand there and as the New England colonies could produce the article, the fish- eries soon assumed great importance. As a result, the New England fishing fleet began
. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. THE DEPRESSION IN trade and the almost com- plete cessation of emigra- tion to the American col- onies that followed the Civil War in England, dur- ing the 1640's, led to the rapid growth of the New England fisheries and co- lonial maritime trade. To support themselves in this period, the colonials began trading in the West Indies, and as fish was an article- in-trade much in demand there and as the New England colonies could produce the article, the fish- eries soon assumed great importance. As a result, the New England fishing fleet began to invade Nova Scotian waters; in 1670 there were 30 New England shallops reported on the Nova Scotian coast, by 1708 the number reported was 300. Colonial Craft Very little is known about colonial fishing craft of the 17th and early 18th centuries. Customhouse records and colonial reports show that the fishing fleet was largely made up of brigantines and ships ("gallies"), sloops, shallops, and "; The "gallies" were fast-sailing ships and brigantines designed to permit rowing and these, from about 1695 to 1720, were employed by merchants, first to catch fish on the Banks and secondly, to carry the catch to a foreign market, often one of the Mediter- ranean coimtries. The sloops were single-masted vessels, perhaps having a gaff- or sprit-mainsail and one or two headsails according to size. They made up the bulk of the colonial whaling fleet until after the Revolution. The shallops were a 2-masted decked boat of some sort, perhaps sprit- or gaff-rigged, without a headsail. They were 30 to 40 tons burden at the end of the 17th century; later, about the middle of the 18th century, the name shallop was sometimes applied to small schooner-rigged craft as well as to 2-masted decked boats having no headsail. The "catches" were apparently 2-masted boats and many writers have assumed these were the same as the later ketches of the 18th cen
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