. The ecology of Tijuana Estuary, California : a national estuarine research reserve . transects dominated by cordgrass (lower marsh ) n =102 stations monitored since 1979. transects dominated by succulents (upper marsh) 11 5 stations established in 1984. Figure Map of lower and upper marsh monitoring transects at Tijuana Estuary. Wide lines = transects dominated by cordgrass ("lower marsh");n = 102 stations monitored since 1979. Thin lines = transects dominated by succulents ("upper marsh"); n = 115 stations established in 1984. Table Elevation (cm above MSL) of
. The ecology of Tijuana Estuary, California : a national estuarine research reserve . transects dominated by cordgrass (lower marsh ) n =102 stations monitored since 1979. transects dominated by succulents (upper marsh) 11 5 stations established in 1984. Figure Map of lower and upper marsh monitoring transects at Tijuana Estuary. Wide lines = transects dominated by cordgrass ("lower marsh");n = 102 stations monitored since 1979. Thin lines = transects dominated by succulents ("upper marsh"); n = 115 stations established in 1984. Table Elevation (cm above MSL) of quadrats in the 1984 monitoring program. Lower marsh transects are designated cordgrass; upper marsh transects are called noncordgrass. Elevation Cordgrass Noncordgrass 51 -60 5 1 61 -70 36 7 71-80 42 35 81 -90 2 24 91 -1 00 1 1 1 2 101-110 5 6 111-120 1 1 121-130 4 131-140 5 141 -1 50 6 51-160 2 161-170 1 171 -1 80 1 PHYSICAL CHANGES FOLLOWING ECOSYSTEM-WIDE DISTURBANCES Soil Salinity Changes Interstitial soil salinities, measured annually in September, indicate that the lower marsh is usually hypersaline, , more saline than sea water (Figure ). Additional data from April of each year help to show the effect of winter rainfall, although the salinity minimum may not always be depicted by the April sampling date. Long-term records show the following: • Soil salinity dropped to 15 ppt in April 1980, after major flooding in both January and February. The minimum soil salinity may have been lower and earlier than measured. 1 00
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