. The ocean carrier; a history and analysis of the service and a discussion of the rates of ocean transportation . eamboatlines on Long Island Sound as they have grad-ually become more and more nearly railroadappendages is illustrative of the methods thathave prevailed the world over, but it is scarcelyworthy of the name of ocean transportation. The Panama Railroad & Steamship Companyis probably the first clear example of the oversealine in connection with an American railroad, completed in 1855, was almostunique in having no local traffic and in being aconnecting link between tw
. The ocean carrier; a history and analysis of the service and a discussion of the rates of ocean transportation . eamboatlines on Long Island Sound as they have grad-ually become more and more nearly railroadappendages is illustrative of the methods thathave prevailed the world over, but it is scarcelyworthy of the name of ocean transportation. The Panama Railroad & Steamship Companyis probably the first clear example of the oversealine in connection with an American railroad, completed in 1855, was almostunique in having no local traffic and in being aconnecting link between two seaports which ex-ist only because of through trade. To improveits traffic this road promptly established a steam-ship line from New York, and made contractarrangements with the then existing Pacific steam-ship companies plying north to Portland andsouth to Valparaiso. At times it has operatedsteamship lines of its own on both oceans, andits traffic contracts have been numerous. The year 1870 seems to mark the general begin-ing of formal connections between American rail- Railroad Gazette, 1906, p. Railway Steamship Lines 173 road lines and transatlantic shipping that time, coasting lines at various pointshad come under the control of the railroad com-panies to benefit the delivery of the railroadfreight. This process has gone steadily forwarduntil now many of the lines of coasting vesselsin the United States are directly or indirectly con-trolled by the railroad companies, and most ofthose which are called independent must appar-ently have good working arrangements with therailroad lines in order to keep out rivals. About 1870 the Eastern trunk line railroadshaving their termini on the line from Bufifalo toPittsburg, and down the Ohio to Cincinnati,began to extend their lines to the Mississippiand to lake-shore points. To secure traffic fromacross the lakes they put lines of carriers uponthe Great Lakes, and on those waters to-day theindependent carrie
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booki, booksubjectmerchantmarine
