. Bulletin. Ethnology. STEEPEST CULTIVABLE LAND IN VALLEY YET IMPORTANT BECAUSE IT FALLS WITHIN THE LIMITS OF AGRICULTURE! ZONE OF CULTIVATION {--LIMIT OF IRRIGATION AND--! i INTENSIVE CULTIVATION â LOWER LIMIT OF PERMANENT1SN0W UPPER LIMIT OF POTATO CULTIVATION ZONE OF MOUNTAIN PASTURES. â¢BARLEY 13000'- -WHEAT 12 000'- -CORN II 000'-B -THE VINE 10000'- -SU6AR CANE 8000- â -ORANGE AND BANANA 6 0CO* Figure 30.âClimatic cross section of a typical intermontane basin in the Peru- vian Andes. The cultivation and pasture zones are shown, and the thickness of the dark symbols on the right is proport
. Bulletin. Ethnology. STEEPEST CULTIVABLE LAND IN VALLEY YET IMPORTANT BECAUSE IT FALLS WITHIN THE LIMITS OF AGRICULTURE! ZONE OF CULTIVATION {--LIMIT OF IRRIGATION AND--! i INTENSIVE CULTIVATION â LOWER LIMIT OF PERMANENT1SN0W UPPER LIMIT OF POTATO CULTIVATION ZONE OF MOUNTAIN PASTURES. â¢BARLEY 13000'- -WHEAT 12 000'- -CORN II 000'-B -THE VINE 10000'- -SU6AR CANE 8000- â -ORANGE AND BANANA 6 0CO* Figure 30.âClimatic cross section of a typical intermontane basin in the Peru- vian Andes. The cultivation and pasture zones are shown, and the thickness of the dark symbols on the right is proportional to the amount of each staple that is produced at the corresponding elevation. (After Bowman, 1916, fig. 35.) In the Colonial era, the Spaniards first preempted the key basin formations, such as the Valleys of Cuzco (11,000 feet (3,000 m.) above sea level), Jauja, Huamanga, Yucay, and Anta, where, depend- ing upon altitude, the possible crops were maize, barley, wheat, and potatoes, or sugarcane, alfalfa, and fruit, as in Abancay Valley (6,000 to 8,000 feet (2,000 to 2,500 m.) above sea level). The most lucra- tive encomiendas were established in the deeply canyoned environ- ments, that is, in the quechua proper, while the puna regions of the Collao were long left untouched by Europeans, until well after the middle of the 16th century (Levillier, 1921-26, 1:19, 127; Montesinos, 1906, 1:193). Here, then, we shall use an empirical definition of the term "; It refers specifically to certain Colonial Indian groups, to distinguish between pre-Conquest and post-Conquest versions of Peruvian culture. Those human agglomerations are regarded as Quechua which speak the Quechua language, or inhabit an environ-. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Smithsonian Institution. Bureau o
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