Nervous and mental diseases . 1895. 2 Archiv fur Gyn., Bd. xvi, 1880. 2 Clinique des Nouveau-nes, Paris, 1877. * Amer. Jour, of Obstetrics. 896 MENTAL DISEASES. Allusion is elsewhere made to Herbert R. Spencer^s 130 autopsiesin still-born children, in which there were 53 instances of hemorrhagefrom the pia and arachnoid. Thus, the evidence before us in favor of meningeal hemorrhage asthe initial lesion in a large proportion of cases of idiocy is most con-vincing. Some idea of the character of the terminal states found inidiocy may be derived from the studies of Wilmarth^ andBourneville.^The fo
Nervous and mental diseases . 1895. 2 Archiv fur Gyn., Bd. xvi, 1880. 2 Clinique des Nouveau-nes, Paris, 1877. * Amer. Jour, of Obstetrics. 896 MENTAL DISEASES. Allusion is elsewhere made to Herbert R. Spencer^s 130 autopsiesin still-born children, in which there were 53 instances of hemorrhagefrom the pia and arachnoid. Thus, the evidence before us in favor of meningeal hemorrhage asthe initial lesion in a large proportion of cases of idiocy is most con-vincing. Some idea of the character of the terminal states found inidiocy may be derived from the studies of Wilmarth^ andBourneville.^The former communicates the results of 100 autopsies, which he sum-marizes as follows : Sclerosis with atrophy, 12 ; sclerose tubereuse, 6 ; diifuse scleroticchange, 7 ; degenerative changes in vessels, ganglionic cells, or medul-lary substance, not constituting true sclerosis, 15; hydrocephalic, 5;general cerebral atrophy, 2 ; non-development in various forms, 16 ;infantile hemorrhage, 1 ; extensive adhesion of membranes from old. Fig. 336.—Brain of a diplegic idiot, showing atrophy of the convokitions over large symmetrical areas—not a true parencephalia. (See history of case, Proc. N. Y. Path. Soc, 1894, p. 94.) meningitis, 3 ; angiomatous condition of cerebral vessels (with degener-ative changes), 1 ; glioma (with sclerosis), 1 ; porencephalia (withnon-development), 1 ; of 31 cases where actual disease or imperfectdevelopment of the brain proper was not demonstrated, there washypertrophy of the skull, 6 ; acute softening (recent), 2 ; demimicro-cephalic, 2 ; when the brain was above usual weight, but the convolu-tions large and very simple in their arrangement, 2. Our examination of this summary discloses the fact that atrophiesand diifuse sclerosis were demonstrated in 21 of the cases and tuberoussclerosis in 6. It is probable that the tuberous form of sclerosis has apathology diiferent from that of the diifuse form and more resemblingthe disseminated sclerosis of neuropatho
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